India is located in Southern Asia, with the Arabian Sea and Bay of Bengal to the south and China to the north. It is slightly more than one-third the size of the US. The climate varies from a tropical zone in the south to a temperate zone in the north. Its terrain changes from an upland plain (Deccan Plateau) in the south, to flat to rolling plains along the Ganges River, to deserts in the west and the Himalayas in the north. India has many natural resources, some of which include coal (4th-largest reserves in the world) iron ore, titanium ore, diamonds and petroleum.

One of the world’s top ten industrial powers, India has the most diversified industrial economy in South Asia. Industry and agriculture now have an equal share of the GDP. Most laborers however, work in agriculture. To encourage more foreign investment, the government has recently begun to sell state-run industries and limit restrictions.
Despite this, 25% of the population lives in poverty, half of those in extreme poverty. But because the village economy is based upon the production and distribution of food in exchange for craft or services of labor, the jajmani system, low income does not necessarily mean starvation.
In the past decade, there has emerged a significant middle class of households earning more than what is necessary for mere survival. In the Millennium Conference in 2000, it was reported that 25% of the population is affluent or upper middle class with disposable income. Another 40% are identified as lower middle class, having risen out of the throes of subsistence and seem to be increasing their incomes at an impressive rate. the tsunamis of 2004/5 will affect these figures, particularly in the Tamil Nadu region with most of India’s identified 8,000 dead found in that region. Repairing and rebuilding are expected to cost about $1.2 billion. However, India’s response to the disaster was the most rapid and well managed in the area.

India has around 48,917,000 Telephone lines and 18,481,000 Internet users

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